Contributions
Abstract: 119
Type: Oral
Abstract Category: RIMS - Multi-disciplinary rehabilitation
Background: Despite known benefits, physical activity (PA) participation is low among people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). The use of theory is essential in order to guide researchers in determining which modifiable psychosocial constructs can be targeted in order to design effective interventions to improve participation.
Objective: To synthesise current knowledge of the modifiable psychosocial constructs associated with PA participation in pwMS and to determine where efforts should be placed to promote PA participation and fill gaps in the current research.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted on 8 databases using keywords associated with MS, PA and behavioural theory. Cohort and intervention studies were included if they
1) included an objective or subjective measure of PA,
2) measured at least one modifiable psychosocial construct and
3) reported bivariate correlations (or these could be extracted) between the PA and psychosocial construct measures.
Meta-analyses of correlations was conducted using the Hedges-Olkin method. Where a meta-analysis was not possible, results were reported descriptively.
Results: Twenty six studies (n=26) were included for review. Meta-analyses indicated a pooled correlation coefficient between 1) objective PA and self-efficacy (n=7) of r=0.30 (p < 0.0001) indicating a moderate, positive association, 2) subjective PA and self-efficacy (n=7) of r=0.34 (p < 0.0001) indicating a moderate, positive association, 3) subjective PA and goal-setting (n=5) of r=0.44 (p < 0.0001) indicating a moderate to large, positive association and 4) subjective PA and outcome expectancies (n=4) (physical: r=0.13, p=0.11; social: 0.19, p< 0.0001; self-evaluative: r=0.27, p< 0.0001) indicating small-moderate positive associations. Other constructs such as measures of health beliefs, enjoyment, social support and perceived benefits and barriers were reported to be significantly correlated with PA in individual studies but the number of studies was not sufficient for a meta-analysis. In the intervention studies, goal-setting but not self-efficacy was reported to improve significantly and also mediated a change in PA.
Conclusion: Future PA interventions should continue to focus on the psychosocial constructs of self-efficacy, goal-setting, and outcome expectancies. However, there is a need to explore the associations between other constructs outside of those reported in this review.
Disclosure:
Blathin Casey: Nothing to disclose
Prof Susan Coote: Nothing to disclose
Celina Shirazipour: Nothing to disclose
Prof Ailish Hannigan: Nothing to disclose
Prof Robert Motl: Nothing to disclose
Dr Kathleen Martin Ginis: Nothing to disclose
Dr Amy Latimer-Cheung: Nothing to disclose
Abstract: 119
Type: Oral
Abstract Category: RIMS - Multi-disciplinary rehabilitation
Background: Despite known benefits, physical activity (PA) participation is low among people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). The use of theory is essential in order to guide researchers in determining which modifiable psychosocial constructs can be targeted in order to design effective interventions to improve participation.
Objective: To synthesise current knowledge of the modifiable psychosocial constructs associated with PA participation in pwMS and to determine where efforts should be placed to promote PA participation and fill gaps in the current research.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted on 8 databases using keywords associated with MS, PA and behavioural theory. Cohort and intervention studies were included if they
1) included an objective or subjective measure of PA,
2) measured at least one modifiable psychosocial construct and
3) reported bivariate correlations (or these could be extracted) between the PA and psychosocial construct measures.
Meta-analyses of correlations was conducted using the Hedges-Olkin method. Where a meta-analysis was not possible, results were reported descriptively.
Results: Twenty six studies (n=26) were included for review. Meta-analyses indicated a pooled correlation coefficient between 1) objective PA and self-efficacy (n=7) of r=0.30 (p < 0.0001) indicating a moderate, positive association, 2) subjective PA and self-efficacy (n=7) of r=0.34 (p < 0.0001) indicating a moderate, positive association, 3) subjective PA and goal-setting (n=5) of r=0.44 (p < 0.0001) indicating a moderate to large, positive association and 4) subjective PA and outcome expectancies (n=4) (physical: r=0.13, p=0.11; social: 0.19, p< 0.0001; self-evaluative: r=0.27, p< 0.0001) indicating small-moderate positive associations. Other constructs such as measures of health beliefs, enjoyment, social support and perceived benefits and barriers were reported to be significantly correlated with PA in individual studies but the number of studies was not sufficient for a meta-analysis. In the intervention studies, goal-setting but not self-efficacy was reported to improve significantly and also mediated a change in PA.
Conclusion: Future PA interventions should continue to focus on the psychosocial constructs of self-efficacy, goal-setting, and outcome expectancies. However, there is a need to explore the associations between other constructs outside of those reported in this review.
Disclosure:
Blathin Casey: Nothing to disclose
Prof Susan Coote: Nothing to disclose
Celina Shirazipour: Nothing to disclose
Prof Ailish Hannigan: Nothing to disclose
Prof Robert Motl: Nothing to disclose
Dr Kathleen Martin Ginis: Nothing to disclose
Dr Amy Latimer-Cheung: Nothing to disclose